AFA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

AFA - Essay Example Hegel asserted that African did not have the capacity or the spirit to steer development. However, the transformation that Africa has gone through is proof of the true of African spirit that chose to rule itself after European. The statements of Hegel were appreciated a century later by Hugh Trevor-Roper. Trevor-Roper’s compilation, The Rise of Christian Europe, likened the history of Africa to darkness, and the present Africa has undeniable traces of Europe history. The purpose of this essay is to debunk the mythical and stereotyped assertions made by Hegel and Trevor-Roper. The present Africa has made remarkable history by holding on to social, political and economic practices that trace back to the pre-colonial era. The transformation social-cultural institutions have gone through cannot escape notice. Hegel and Trevor-Roper ignore the rich traditional culture that existed before the scramble for Africa. The family unit recognized unequal role between men and women in the family unit. Men were considered as protectors and breadwinners in the family while women tended to children and farms. The superior role of men was appreciated in Egypt, Ghana, Kenya, and Nigeria South Africa where the societies were patriarch in nature (Archive.unu.edu).The family units did not undergo many transformations despite the coming of European and Asians from as early as 1800s. The West Africa nations retained the male supremacy and any attitude or practice that favored the role of the men in the society. However, post-colonial periods features family units where both and women have equal roles. The adoption of European religion has played a crucial role in setting modern trends within the African family units. There are communities that embrace male supremacy but are gradually orienting to the new wo rld order on equality. Indigenous African education system featured practices and customs that were taught by the older

A history of the US civil rights movement Essay

A history of the US civil rights movement - Essay Example still contended with discriminatory tendencies, disenfranchisement, segregation and different kinds of oppression such as violence that is racially propelled. Moreover, laws at the state and local levels such as the Jim Crow laws, effectively prohibited African Americans from theatres, train cars, juries, legislatures, bathrooms and classrooms (Jackson, 15). However, in 1954, the Supreme Court abolished the â€Å"separate but equal doctrine† that was the force behind a state condoned segregation and discrimination. This act of the U.S. Supreme Court attracted considerable attention to the suffering of black Americans in the United States and set a platform for a civil rights movement (1954 - 1968) aimed at bringing change to the land of the free peoples. The activists utilized various tactics in marching towards their objectives. Some of these included direct action, boycotts, civil disobedience, civil resistance, voter registration, community education and other nonviolent avenues. The results of the civil rights movement eventually included the 1964 Civil Rights Act, the 1965 Voting Rights Act and the 1968 Fair Housing Act. These acts resulted in crisis circumstances that often prompted useful dialogue between the government and the civil rights activists. The government (whether local, state or federal), communities and busine sses were manipulated into urgent reactions to the various circumstances that demonstrated injustice faced by the black Americans (Levy, 312). The African-American civil rights movement has a special place in the United States’ history. Because of the movements, there was realized a clear definition of the conceptions that prevailed regarding the nature of civil rights, the role of the government and importantly secured for the black Americans their citizenship rights (Jackson, 12). An important consequence of the movement was the amendment of the constitution that saw to the abolition of slavery in all its forms, and the legislation

School Choice Initiative Essay Example for Free

School Choice Initiative Essay Perceivably, the verbal communication in the school selection initiative is considerably astounding as that of any glitch any fairy tale might have played to offer the brood to their remorseful providence. Many critics have deliberately emphasized that the real intent of Proposition 174 revolves around the connotation that â€Å"All parents are hereby empowered to choose any school, public or private, for the education of their children . . . – concisely, that is not exactly how many tend to see the light of the thought. Although it may seemingly utter as that which is piously beneficial and helpful to the contemporary masses’ parents of a child in an inner-city institution, it is like giving the students a somewhat subliminal way of saying a that all shall get the passes towards the prestigious institutions as that where most popular icons earned their degree in college. In such case, the choice will not be dependent on the learner (child) not the parents. Private schools shall be given the prowess to decide upon who shall be admitted or not hence ‘public school’ children shall then be given the same chance (Nevins, 2001). †¢ It would bring up a tight and healthy competition thus commencing a challenge to public school system towards the aim for academic excellence. †¢ The state shall save 2% transfer rate from public schools since that education in private schools are cost-effective hence allotting more on the appropriation for several improvements such as parks, school libraries and other sort of the like. †¢ It shall offer families a genuine alternative to â€Å"all† levels of the society, the vouchers will give all the chance to get a glimpse of â€Å"standard† education. †¢ The school will get to choose those who are to be admitted in the school, with this, the students shall be challenged to earn good grades in high school to earn the reward. †¢ It will give rise to quality education not only for a limited few, but for all. References: Nevins, J. (2001). Searching for security: Boundary and immigration enforcement in an age of intensifying globalization [Electronic Version], 28, 132. Retrieved September 4, 2007.

Exploring Suicide Essay -- Papers Death Depression Killing Essays Life

Exploring Suicide The natural end of every human life is death. Some people, for reasons that have never been fully understood, choose to end their own lives. This is called suicide, which means literally ?self-killing?. For all the uncertainty that has surrounded the phenomenon of suicide, this assessment of the problem is probably as accurate as any. The individual seemingly hopeless conflict with the world, decides to end his or her existence in what amounts to a final assault against a society that can no longer be tolerated. In so doing, the person tries to obtain a final revenge on everything and everyone that has caused their feelings of depression. Attempts at suicide, and suicidal thoughts of feelings are usually symptom indicating that a person isn?t coping, often as a result of some event or series of events that they personally find overwhelmingly traumatic or distressing. In many cases, the events in question will pass, their impact can be mitigated, or their overwhelming nature will gradually fade if the person is able to make constructive choices about dealing with the crisis when person is able to make constructive choices about dealing with the crisis when it is at its worst. Suicide is intentional self-inflicted acts that end in death. A self-destruction Suicide is the act or an instance of intentionally killing oneself. Suicide is applied to all cases of death resulting directly or indirectly from a positive or negative act of the victim himself, which he knows will produce this result. Suicide is a rarely ever a spur of the moment thing. The Susceptibility to suicide is lowest among those who have strong community ties. Today people continue to commit suicide for a variety of reasons: Love, insanity an... ...?s conditions have added a host of other complications. The most important way to prevent suicide is to talk. Bibliography: Brown, A. (1996, winter) Mood disorders in children and adolescents. NARSAD ResearchNewsletter (Internet) Available: http://mhsource.com/advocacy/narsad/childhood.html Suicide Frequently asked questions: Available: ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/suicide/resources ?Euthanasia? Microsoft Encarta 98 Encyclopedia 1993-1994 Microsoft Corp. ?A Rational Approach to Rational Suicide? Joseph Richman, Ph.D. Suicide and Life-Threating Behavior, Vol 22, 1992. The American Association of Suicidology. ?Grolier Encyclopedia? Concise Encyclopedia of Psychology, 2nd ed., Depressive Disorders: Facts, Theories, and Treatments Methods (Wiley, 1990) Compton?s Encyclopedia Online v3.0 1998 The Learning Company, Inc.

Marketing Plan Phase III Essay

Marketing Plan Phase III MKT 421 Marketing Plan Phase III In-N-Out Burgers basic values and philosophy is simple: make the highest quality product, prepare the product in a clean environment, and serve the product in a warm and friendly manner. Introducing a new product to In-N-Out Burgers traditional menu will challenge the products success with both existing customers as well as new customers. The introduction of the salad with a desirable zest to In-N-Out Burgers menu will bring a healthier choice to improve the menu and escalate customer satisfaction. The new product will be entering the market during the very competitive and less profitable maturity stage of the product life cycle. The target market for the new product will be families that want a choice in the fast food restaurant industry. The new salads with their flavorful attributes will give In-N-Out Burgers a competitive advantage because of their positioning and differentiation strategies at the right price. Product Attributes Maintaining the tradition of quality, In-N-Out will only use quality salad dressings on their salads. In-N-Out’s competition uses Newman’s popular brand name salad dressing that has an established fan base, and another competitor uses Ken’s salad dressing that are ranked the most popular salad dressing brands. They tend to be higher in calorie count so In-N-Out will be challenging the competition to provide a healthier salad option by using Annie’s Organic Salad dressings. Cost will be low because only three dressings will be needed to launch the salads; Caesar, ranch, and vinaigrette. This will allow for the growth of the salad line in the future. Mixed greens in the salads will allow for aesthetics’ as well as added nutrition, especially with an array of dark green leafy lettuce such as romaine. Cherry tomatoes will be added for color and fresh shredded carrots for variety. A colorful description of the salads has been added to demonstrate the qua lity of each. Side Salad. In N Out’s side salad is a fresh garden salad with a blend of premium lettuces. The generous salad serving is accented with blended cheeses, shredded carrots, and cherry tomatoes fresh from local farmers. This salad comes with three choices of  dressings; organic ranch or vinaigrette and In-N-Out’s signature special sauce. Caesar Salad. In addition to the variety of greens and cherry tomatoes the Caesar salad is topped with parmesan cheese. The salad is then tossed in a light, flavorful Caesar dressing. Avocado Chicken Salad. In- N- Out’s Avocado salad appeals to the Californian in us all. This salad is a hearty salad meant to satisfy. The mixed greens are combined with cherry tomatoes, blended cheese, red onion, ripe avocado, and grilled chicken. This salad will also come with the choice of ranch, vinaigrette, or special sauce. Product Life Cycle In-N-Out will be entering the salad foray behind the eight-ball in terms of the fast food salad product life cycle. Other fast food restaurants have had salads as an option on their menus for years prior to In-N-Out; they may already have a hold on much of the salad eating market. In-N-Out is entering the salad fast food market during its maturity stage. This means that In-N-Out may not be able to enjoy the large profit margins that early salad pioneers experienced, however, In-N-Out is confident that those smaller margins will be helped by regular increases in salad sales volume in addition to increased sales of the core menu items. In order to maximize salad sales volume, In-N-Out must recognize the maturity of the salad market and promote accordingly. Doing this will require In-N-Out to differentiate its salad offering from the competition and reposition its standing in the minds of consumers who do not feel that In-N-Out has an adequate assortment of food options. Customers who seek out salad offerings no doubt are interested in health benefits, freshness, availability, and price. In-N-Out is already known for their freshness and taste; their competition, on the other hand, many times, is not. In-N-Out must emphasize through their marketing mix that the same crisp freshness that customers expect from ingredients on their burgers is the same crisp freshness they can expect in their salads. The simple, low calorie nature of In-N-Out salads should be made clear because competitor salads often are not very in calories or sodium content. The simple and fresh nature of In-N-Out products will be an advantage of health conscious consumers. In-N-Out has an opportunity to win with quality but also due to the nature of competitor pricing, In-N-Out has an opportunity to match or beat their competitors in that arena as well. In-N-Out would do well to indicate the price advantage of their fresh options compared to the competitions heavier and pricier salad menus. Finally, In-N-Out must make it a priority to reposition its lack of choice perception in the fast food market. They must make it clear to customers that they now have an option beyond burgers and fries at In-N-Out. Couples and groups of people can eat at our restaurants even if one or more of the individuals is vegetarian or seeking a healthier options. Positioning and Differentiation Strategies Product differentiation strategy is part of the marketing strategy of a company that will establish a strong identity within a specific target market for that product. The goal is to have the intended consumer perceive the product desirable and different. With the introduction of salads to the In-N-Out Burgers menu, the company will need to establish a product differentiation strategy as other competitors also have salads on their menu. The difference that In-N-Out Burgers brings with their salads is the quality of the food. No pre-packaged, frozen or over processed vegetables will be used. Product positioning strategy is also part of the marketing strategy of a company, but the goal is focused on the consumer instead of the product and where that product fits in relationship to their competitors. ‘Positioning refers to how customers think about proposed or present brands in a market. Without a realistic view of how customers think about offerings in the market, it is hard for the marketing manager to differentiate.’ (Perreault, Cannon, McCarthy, 2011) In-N-Out Burgers has already positioned itself in the market regarding their burgers and has established a loyal base on customers. In-N-Out Burgers has ‘a famously devoted customer base that inspires envy throughout the industry—and brand recognition well beyond its geographic reach.’(Pearman, 2009) The product positioning strategy currently used for their burgers should be extended to their new salad products. Pricing Strategy The price strategy that In-n-Out will be using for their new salads is to target those price-conscious customers looking for healthy options along with the current menu options being offered. As a company In-N-Out is aware that there is a need in consumers who want to keep a healthy lifestyle while  still being able to have selections with reasonable pricing. In addition to appealing to those consumers wanting a healthier choice when ordering, In-N-Out is conscious that the competition will have similar selections with similar pricing as well. In this instance because the company doesn’t use intermediaries to promote or sell products, they will add to the marketing strategies by increasing the advertising on radio and TV commercials with the new salad options that have been added to the traditional menu that has been around since the company began. The advertising efforts will also add to the value that In-N-Out has had from day one, and that is freshness of their products. In-N-Out is confident that by using previous marketing strategies to offer the menu to consumers and offering the salads to the traditional menu with similar pricing will not only continue to keep existing customers but will also bring in new customers. Conclusion The new salad with its flavorful attributes will give In-N-Out Burgers a competitive advantage because of their positioning and differentiation strategies at the right price. The attributes of the three new salads being introduced to the menu are healthier, colorful, great tasting choices. The product is entering the market in the maturity stage of the product life cycle but In-N-Out Burgers can maintain this stage with its commitment to quality, and freshness, which gives it a competitive advantage. The success of the product will come from the firms positioning and differentiation strategies of quality while focusing on customer interests. In-N-Out Burgers price strategy will be competitive in the industry so as to draw new customers as well as satisfy the needs of the existing customers. In-N-Out Burgers is about quality, competitiveness, customer satisfaction, and a healthy diet. References Pearman, S. (2009). In-N-Out Burger’s Marketing Magic. Retrieved from http://www.businessweek.com/smallbiz/content/apr2009/sb20090424_877655.htm Perreault, W., Cannon, J., & McCarthy, E. (2011). Basic Marketing: A Marketing Strategy Planning Approach (8th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw Hill/Irwin.

School Uniforms A Continuous Open Consideration All...

The issue of whether school uniform ought to be executed in schools has been a continuous open consideration all through America s educational systems. This instructive change has numerous supporters, who accept that school uniform will diminish theft of designer outfits, group colors, smear the lines of financial class, and lessening companion power, protect their contention with exploration from genuine cases (Stanley, 1996). Then again, numerous individuals explicitly contradicting the fact and think that uniforms have practically no impact on student s conduct and performance in school. According to perception of general public acceptance of school uniform policies will tend to improve security of school, regulation, and education of†¦show more content†¦Apart from these grounds are numerous reasons, which defend the requirement of school uniforms including obedience, inequity and to give the students a sensitivity of personality (Yeung, 2009). On the off chance that all students at a specific school didn t wear school uniforms, there would be segregation between the monetarily advantaged individuals and the distraught individuals. Uniform are found to have a positive impact on school’s learning atmosphere. It empowers integrality among student and improves the relation between students belonging to poor families and students belonging to wealthy backgrounds (Stanley, 1996). Notwithstanding the pattern, teachers and people in general are plainly isolated over the execution of such approaches in government funded schools. Advocates for school outfits count potential profits, for example, diminishing burglary of planner attire, preventing group shades, decreasing associate power, and deleting financial contrasts. According to Hypothesis of Social learning a person’s reaction towards certain things is based on the premise of the implications those certain things have for him. These inferences are due to the connection of a person with o thers. To a huge public, uniforms are meant for tuition based school systems, these schools are supposed to be protected, safe and disciplined (Huss, 2007). School

Overpopulation, Industrialization, and the Degradation of...

Overpopulation, Industrialization, and the Degradation of the Environment The overall growth of the human population in the last 2000 years has been a J-shaped growth. This can also be expressed as an exponential growth. A big question that can only be answered in time is how this population growth will slow down or stop. The planet can only handle so many humans before the effects of overpopulation send the environment into an unrecoverable tailspin of degradation. So the question is will the overall maximum human population be reached in a gradual manner with a trend resulting in an S-shaped population growth, or do we as humans need to experience some kind of catastrophic event that will let us know that the maximum capacity of†¦show more content†¦These cultures developed over time into a global system of countries and governments. The distribution of food, and for that matter wealth, has followed those countries that developed indutrial techniques fueled by the global economy. As we became ever more efficient at producing food with the domest ication of animals and development of horticulture the human population grew to meet the supply. However the fact that humans have been able to produce massive amounts of food does not mean that everyone on the planet is living healthy and well fed lives. The distribution of food has been controlled by the global economy and interaction of the governments and countries. The control of the global economy has lead to the relative prosperity of a few people, while the general population has seen a gradual increase. But there are still people that live malnurished and poor lives. In fact the largest population growth is seen in the less developed countries(Soutwick, 161), which means that the number of people living below the average standard of living is increasing. This poses the question of how we want to distribute the resources of our planet, or how we can. 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